《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(6): 1051-1058

外源茉莉酸甲酯对干旱胁迫下小麦花后内源激素含量及产量形成的影响

马超, 冯雅岚, 张均, 王贺正, 原佳乐, 李友军^*

河南科技大学农学院, 河南洛阳471023

通信作者：李友军；E-mail: hkdlyj@126.com

摘　要：

采用盆栽控水的方法, 研究了外源茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)对干旱胁迫下小麦植株花后内源激素含量和产量形成的影响。结果表明, 干旱胁迫严重打破了小麦植株内源激素的平衡, 灌浆过程受到严重影响, 同化产物的分配变化导致减产。干旱胁迫下与对照相比, 小麦各器官脂氧合酶(LOX)活性显著升高, 内源茉莉酸(JA)和脱落酸(ABA)含量显著增加, 而赤霉素(GA)和细胞分裂素(CTK)含量显著降低, 穗轴和根系生长素(IAA)含量显著增加, 旗叶IAA含量却显著降低; 干旱胁迫下外源喷施MeJA均能显著增加小麦各器官中LOX活性、JA和4种内源激素的含量。研究发现施用外源MeJA显著改善干旱胁迫下小麦籽粒灌浆参数, 有效灌浆持续时间和理论最大粒重都显著得到提高, 更多同化产物向籽粒转运, 产量增加。旗叶GA/ABA、GA/IAA、GA/ZR在花后0、10和20 d与产量之间有显著的相关关系。因此, 外源喷施MeJA对缓解干旱胁迫下小麦减产有重要作用。

关键词：小麦; 干旱胁迫; 茉莉酸甲酯; 内源激素; 产量

收稿：2016-11-30   修定：2017-04-14

资助：国家自然科学基金(31401323)、河南省自然科学基金研究项目(132300410153)、河南科技大学基金(09001814)和河南科技大学学科提升振兴A计划项目(13660002)。

Effects of exogenous methyl jasmonate on endogenous hormones and yield formation in wheat after anthesis under drought stress

MA Chao, FENG Ya-Lan, ZHANG Jun, WANG He-Zheng, YUAN Jia-Le, LI You-Jun^*

College of Agricultural, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China

Corresponding author: LI You-Jun; E-mail: hkdlyj@126.com

Abstract:

Controlled soil and water conditions by using pot experiment were carried out to study the influence of exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on endogenous hormones contents and yield formation in wheat under drought stress after anthesis. The results showed that the balance of wheat endogenous hormones was seriously broken, and grain filling process was severely affected by drought stress. A decrease in wheat yield was due to the changes of distribution of assimilation products. Compared with the CK, LOX activity, jasmonic acid (JA) and ABA contents in all organs, IAA contents in rachilla and root were increased, GA and CTK contents in all organs and IAA contents in flag leafs were declined. LOX activity, JA and endogenous hormones were increased in all organs by exogenous MeJA under drought stress. Grain filling characteristics of wheat were improved by exogenous application of MeJA, which were resulted in elevated effective duration of grain fill and theory of maximum grain weight. More assimilation product were transported to spike, which led to increase of yield. Correlativity between GA/ABA, GA/IAA, GA/ZR in flag leaf and yield were significant in whole filling process. Thus, exogenous MeJA improved the balance of endogenous hormones and yield formation when wheat seedlings were exposed to drought stress. Key words: wheat (Triticum aestivum); drought stress; methyl jasmonate; endogenous hormones; yield